Primavera / Spring

GALEGO

ENGLISH

A primavera é a época onde máis traballo hai no agro. Hai que preparar o campo para sementar, estercar e arar. Tamén hai que ir collendo a herba para facer os silos, botar o millo, as patacas e a horta. Todo isto sen esquecer aos animais, que poden estar tendo crías.

Spring is the busiest season for a farmer.They must sow, fertilize and plough. They also have to gather grass and turn it into silos; plant corn, potatoes and vegetables. All this without forgetting the animals which may be breeding.

Foto 2. Cuba.

Ás veces úsase o xurro como sistema de fertilización. Este recóllese na cuba e logo  bótase no terreo.

Picture 2. Vacuum tanker.
Sometimes liquid manure is used as a fertilising system. Manure is collected with the vacuum tank and then applied all over the land.

Foto 3. Fertilizando.
Sen embargo, tamén é necesario aportar  fertilizantes químicos minerais. Estes pódense botar a man.

Picture 3. Fertilizing.
However, it is also necessary to add chemical fertilizers to the soil. These are usually added by hand.

Foto 4. Fertilizadora.

 Pero tamén  úsase a fertilizadora.

Picture 4. Fertilizer.

Spraying machines can also be used.
 

Picture 5. Harrow

Another agricultural work that had to be made before ploughing was harrowing. It consists of breaking up the clods and opening the way for the plough. In the old days, this task was made with the "escarpadora".

Foto 7. Tiro de vacas.

Antigamente o labor de arar facíase co arado romano e coa axuda dun tiro de bois ou de vacas.

Picture 7. Team of cows.

In the old days ploughing was made with the roman plough and a team of oxen or cows.

Foto 8. Tractor con arado.

 Dende xa hai moito tempo, a tracción animal vén de ser substituida polo tractor e o arado mecánico.O arado prepara a terra para a sementeira, levantándoa e facendo sucos, permitindo que a terra se airee e quede lista para recibir a semente.

Picture 8. Tractor with plough.

Since long time ago, animal traction has been replaced by the tractor and the mechanic plough. Ploughing prepared the land for the sowing, opening it and letting the air in so it can be more productive.

Para extensións de terreo máis pequenas tamén se usa o motocultivador. Este pode ser guiado por unha persoa ao mesmo tempo que vai andando.

Picture 9. Motocultivator.

In smaller lots a motocultivator can also be used. This is guided by a person as it is walking.

Foto 10. Campo arado.

O resultado de todas estes labores é un campo arado, listo para a sementeira.

Picture 10. Ploughed field.

The results of all these tasks is a ploughed field, ready to be sowed.

Foto 11. Sementeira.
Na primavera hai que botar o millo. Isto pódese facer a dedo ou mecanicamente. A semente lévase no mandil atado á cintura e vaise botando polo rego. Se a extensión é moi grande necesítanse varias persoas.

Picture 11. Sowing.
In spring corn has to be sowed. This can be made by hand or mechanically. The seeds are carried in an apron tied to the waist and is dropped one by one in the furrows. If the land is large a lot of people is needed.

Foto 12. Sementadora.
Cando a extensión de terreo é máis grande pódese usar unha sementadora que vai ensamblada ao tractor. A sementadora  leva uns depósitos para a semente, vai facendo regos e depositando a semente neles.

Picture 12. Sowing machine.
When the extension of the land is big farmers use a sower machine and the tractor.The sowing machine has deposits for the seeds, makes furrows and drops the seed in them.

Foto 13. Sementadora.
 

A introdución da sembradora facilitou moito o labor da sementeira en grandes extensións.

Picture 13. Sowing machine.


The introduction of the sowing machine made sowing easier in big lots of land.

Foto 14. Sachando.

Na primavera, dependendo da zona, póñense as patacas. As plantas sairán nuns días e estarán listas a mediados do verán.

Picture 14. Digging.

In spring, depending on the area, potatoes have to be planted. The plants will come out in a few days and they will be ready in  mid summer.

Foto 15. Collendo a herba.
Na primavera, a herba crece moito e é o momento de facer unha primeira recollida para almacenar e ensilar de cara ao inverno. O primeiro paso do ensilado é cortar a herba coa segadora, arranxala en vías para logo collela co autocargador.

Picture 15. Gathering grass.
In spring, grass grows quickly so it is the time to harvest it and store it in silos to be used in winter. The first step is reaping the grass with the reaping machine, arrange it into lines and collect it with the trailer.

Foto 16. O autocargador.

O autocargador recolle a herba que se leva ata onde se vai proceder a ensilar. Ás veces o ensilado faise no mesmo prado.

Picture 16. Self-loading trailer.

The trailer collects the grass and carried it to the place where it is going to be processed. Sometimes it is in the same field.

Foto 17. Carrexando a herba.

Os remolques van traendo a herba. Algunha vaise transformar en pacas redondas e outra vaise gardar nun silo grande cuberto cun plástico negro.

Picture 17. Carrying the grass.

Trailers carry the grass. Some is processed into round bales, some other is turned into a big silo covered with a black plastic.

 

Foto 18. Silos pequenos.
A herba  empácase en pacas redondas que despois son cubertas con plástico para que se conserve ben durante moito tempo. Estas pacas quedan no mesmo prado ou almacenadas preto da corte.

Picture 18. Small silos.
Grass is packed in round bales that are later covered with plastic so they keep for a long time. This bales are left on the very field or stored near the stable.

Foto 19. Silo grande.
Nesta outra modalidade, a herba amoréase nun só montón grande, quítaselle o aire e cóbrese co plástico. Enriba pónselle peso para que non entre o aire. Así consérvase  para alimentar as vacas.

Picture 19. Big silo.
With this system, grass is heaped in an only pile, kept in a vacuum and covered with a plastic. Some weight is put on top so air does not get in. This way, grass is preserved and cows are fed with it.

Foto 20. Sulfatador.
Na primavera aparecen as primeiras pragas de insectos e as pestes polo que tamén hai que sulfatar a viña e outros cultivos. Como é pouca extensión, faise con sulfatadoras individuais.

Picture 20. Sprayer.
In spring insects and plagues appear so it is necessary to spray the vine and other crops with pesticides. As it is usually a small area, individual sprayers are used.

Foto 21. Porral.
Nesta época hai que preparar a horta cos cultivos que se darán no verán. Plántanse os productos hortícolas nun terreo ou "porral" por zonas.

Picture 21. Vegetable garden.
In this season you can prepare a small  vegetable garden or "porral". Vegetables are planted by sectors.

Foto 22. Verduras.

Os produtos hortícolas máis comúns nun porral son: leituga, tomates, feixóns, tirabeques, cebolas, allos porros...etc. que se consumirán no verán polos membros da familia.

Picture 22. vegetables.

The most typical green products in a "porral" are: lettuce, tomatoes, beans, sugar peas, onions, garlic...etc thar will be eaten during the summer by the family.

Foto 23. Porca e porquiños.
Aínda que os animais poden ter crías todo o ano, a chegada do bo tempo coa primavera fai que sexa un dos periodos favoritos para ter camadas de porcos ou años. Aquí vemos unha camada de porquiños e a porca deitada dándolle de mamar.

Picture 23. Sow and piglets.
Even though farm animals can breed all over the year, the coming of nice weather makes it a good season for pig and lamb breeding. In this picture we can see a sow lying down and the piglets suckling.
 

Foto 24. Porca.
A porca para dar de mamar déitase. Tamén hai que vixiar aos ranchos porque sempre hai un que queda sen mamar. Este chámase "arricol" soe ser máis pequeno e hai que darlle coa mamadeira.

Picture 24. Sow.
A sow to feed the piglets has to lie down. Piglets must also be looked after because there is usually one of them which is not able to feed by himself. This is the runt or "arricol" because it is the tiniest of the litter and it has to be fed artificially.

Foto 25. Galiña e pitos.

Tamén na primavera as galiñas chocas teñen pitos.

Picture 25. Hen and chicks.

In spring clocking hens have chicks.